- Firstly, examination of the ‘services’ stated in the ‘results’ will show whether or not they are sufficiently comprehensive for the beneficiaries to derive the benefits articulated in the ‘project purpose’. This can be done by verifying that the external conditions for success have been identified and are likely to be met.
- Secondly, the ‘activities’ can be examined to see whether they are sufficient to deliver the required level of ‘services’ described in the ‘results’.
- Finally, the implementing agencies can be analysed to determine whether they can mobilise the required resources and expertise in time and whether they will be able to manage the delivery process in an adequate fashion.
- Policy support
- Appropriate technology
- Environmental protection
- Socio-cultural aspects
- Gender issues
- Institutional and management capacity, public and private
- Ownership
- Economic and financial rationale
[/tab] [tab title=”What are main characteristics of the formulation phase?”] During the formulation phase, it is vital to check whether the identification phase has taken place at all and if so, whether the project is still relevant or whether time has elapsed and the situation has changed. If the relevance appears not to be proven, it must be re-established. The details of the project are defined on the basis of a feasibility study. The Logical Framework matrix is then completed and refined. At the end of this phase, an ex-ante evaluation or assessment is initiated by the project cycle manager/ desk-officer, prior to the signature of a financing agreement.
[/tab] [tab title=”What is a cost-benefit analysis?”] A cost-benefit analysis is a special form of cost-effectiveness analysis, which compares the monetary and socio-economic costs of several ‘activities’ with the benefits generated (i.e. the ‘results’).
[/tab] [tab title=”What is meant by a feasibility study?”] A feasibility study is carried out during the formulation phase. Questions generated by the assessment of the project proposal should feed into the terms of reference. The feasibility study verifies the relevance and tests the feasibility and sustainability of the intervention by identifying risks and obstacles. An analysis of the means by which to overcome potential obstacles and minimise risk may lead to adjustment of the present plan through intermediate action to develop additional solutions.
[/tab] [tab title=”What is meant by effectiveness?”] Effectiveness is the degree to which the ‘services’ delivered by the project have enabled the beneficiaries to achieve the intended benefits. Evaluation of the effectiveness of a project starts with an assessment of the extent to which the beneficiaries use the ‘services’ provided by the project, and finishes with an assessment of the benefits themselves.
[/tab] [tab title=”What is meant by the feasibility of a project?”] The feasibility of a project indicates the extent to which a project is technically, socially, financially, environmentally feasible and to what extent do the activities, means, costs, competences and conditions suffice to deliver results to the beneficiaries. However, a project may be feasible, e.g. the hospital can be build, but not relevant in the sense that a hospital may not be the solution to a health related problem.
[/tab] [tab title=”What is meant by the sustainability of a project?”] The sustainability deals with the extent to which the benefits of the project will continually be made available to the beneficiaries after the external assistance or the project has ended (viz. Question below).
[/tab] [tab title=”Who should participate in an ex-ante evaluation?”] An ex-ante evaluation is designed to get potential risk factors and obstacles to implementation out into the open. This means that those with this kind of knowledge – i.e. sector specialists, desk officers, evaluators and project implementers – should participate in the ex ante evaluation…
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